print

The Synod on Synodality — a multi-year, worldwide process of listening, dialogue and discernment encompassing a broad range of issues confronting the Catholic Church —marks its concluding phase with the synod’s second and final general assembly taking place October 2-27 at the Vatican. A critical analysis from the African perspective deduced that the tone of the opening days of the Synod’s final assembly signaled that those hoping for sweeping change may be disappointed.

Perhaps it is in the very nature of the Synod on Synodality to take steps back after having taken several steps forward. But the tone of the opening days of the Synod’s final general assembly made it apparent that, for the moment, there is no talk of revolution within the Church.

That tone was set days before the gathering got underway at the Vatican, when in his speech at KU Leuven in Belgium on September 27, Pope Francis said that the Synod wasn’t meant to advance what he called “trendy reforms.”

Now it seemed clear that, while the delegates may discuss many things over the next few days, nothing spectacular may be decided. There may not be any doctrinal changes. No diminution of the role of the bishop. No rush to resolve the question of opening the diaconate to women.

Instead, this month’s real challenge may well be how to manage the expectations of those hoping and pushing for sweeping changes. Cardinal Jean-Claude Hollerich, the Synod’s general rapporteur, alluded to that danger at the end of last year’s assembly, when he noted that many would be disappointed if women were not given a greater role in the Church.

But is any major change in Church governance in the offing? That seems unlikely. Pope Francis himself, in his remarks at the opening of this year’s assembly October 1, emphasized that “the presence at the Assembly of the Synod of Bishops of members who are not bishops does not diminish the episcopal dimension of the assembly,” a reference to the dozens of lay people and women religious participating as voting delegates.

He added, with evident annoyance, that suggestions to the contrary were due to “some storm of gossip that went from one side to the other.” Indeed, there is not even “some limit or derogation to the authority of the individual bishop or the episcopal college,” he said.

Rather, the Pope tried to clarify, the assembly “indicates the form that the exercise of episcopal authority is called to take in a Church aware of being constitutively relational and therefore synodal.” In short, it is a modus gubernandi, a way of governing. Yet it remains a government, rather than an open forum. There have been plenty of other signals that no revolution is imminent.

For example, there was Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, the prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, who in his report on new ministries said that Pope Francis does not consider the moment for the female diaconate to be “ripe.” The reflection continues, in other words. The Church will endeavor to give more space to women in decision-making roles, but further discussion is needed as to any kind of ordained ministry — something the Pope had already indicated in his in-flight press conference, September 29 on his way back from Belgium.

Also, in their intermediate reports to the Synod, the study groups commissioned by the Pope to examine questions of a female diaconate and other controversial issues showed a certain prudence on the part of the bishops in addressing doctrinal questions. The bishops may concede to giving the laity a greater say in decision-making, perhaps, but not when it comes to doctrinal matters.

The study group tasked with examining the role of the “bishop-judge” is a clear example. Pope Francis has placed the bishops at the center of the marriage annulment process, asking — indeed almost imposing — that they are the final judges. But the bishops called to speak on the issue have instead reaffirmed that the bishop, in some cases, ought to have the option of delegating that responsibility to regional and national courts that “could guarantee great impartiality in decisions.” Is this a step back from what Pope Francis already has requested?

And when it comes to making the process of selecting bishops more transparent, much depends on how the apostolic nuncio in each country exercises the selection process. There is a call for “more attention to the local Church” and “more involvement of the local Church,” but this is a question of approach, not revolutionary change.

Similarly, while the news is that the Dicastery for Bishops has launched an investigation to evaluate the practice of ad limina visits, we know already that Pope Francis has long included inter-departmental meetings in his ad limina visits when the local situation requires it.

The study groups also have emphasized that there is no need to change the Ratio Fundamentalis, the Vatican document, already revised by Pope Francis in 2016, that serves as the basis for the formation of priests and deacons. At most, the study group text states, one could write “a preamble on the one hand clearly describing the relational identity of ordained ministers in a synodal and missionary Church and indicating on the other hand principles and criteria for the implementation of the Ratio Fundamentalis and the Ratio Nationales in harmony with this ecclesiological and missiological framework.”

Perhaps the most interesting part concerns the question of the relationship between the Eastern Catholic Churches and the Latin Church because, the study group text states, it aims to have a “document of the Holy See, edited by the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches, addressed by the Holy Father to the Latin Bishops and containing some guidelines on these aspects.”

The Synod’s canonical commission focuses on making diocesan/eparchial and parish pastoral councils mandatory. But this theme already is highlighted in the International Theological Commission’s document on synodality, released in 2018.

So far, in short, there is much ado about nothing. Perhaps there is a greater emphasis on the “cry of the poor” and on the need not to focus on doctrinal issues. And yet, when it comes to making a concrete proposal, the bishops appear content with their ordinary discipline.

Rev. Fr. George Nwachukwu
Latest posts by Rev. Fr. George Nwachukwu (see all)